These type of plants are called annual plants which dies after plants produce mature seeds, having exhausted themselves from sprouting, growing foliage and flowers, and finally producing viable seed in just one growing season. The mother plant dies, but she may have left hundreds, or even thousands, of seeds to carry on her legacy.
For annual plants, one generation per year is the norm, so they have a life cycle of one growing season.
Example: beans, cosmos, broccoli and many garden plants...