James I
A group of English Catholics led by Robert Catesby, despairing of survival under the new rule of James I who was surrounded by advisers from the tradition of Scotland's Presbyterianism, planned to blow up the House of Lords during the State Opening of Parliament on 5 November 1605. Guy Fawkes was given charge of the explosives, but at about midnight on 4 November 1605, was discovered guarding the barrels of gunpowder and was subsequently executed.