Water
The shadoof is an early tool, a long counterbalanced pole on a pivot with a bucket attached to the end of it, which according to Wikipedia has been used in irrigation since around 3000 BCE by the Mesopotamians, 2000 BCE by the ancient Egyptians, and later by the Minoans, Chinese (c 1600 BCE), and others. It is still used in many areas of Africa and Asia, and common in rural areas of India and Pakistan and in Hungary's Great Plain.
