Charles I of England
Charles was the second son of King James VI and I of England, he moved to England, where he spent much of the rest of his life. He became heir apparent to the English, Irish, and Scottish thrones on the death of his elder brother, Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales, in 1612. He married to the Bourbon princess Henrietta Maria of France.
After his succession, Charles quarrelled with the Parliament of England, which sought to curb his royal prerogative. Charles was tried, convicted, and executed for high treason in January 1649. The monarchy was abolished thereafter and a republic was called as "the Commonwealth of England"
