Small Discussion About Deep Learning?

What is Deep learning?

Deep learning is a machine learning technique that teaches computers to do what comes naturally to humans: learn by example.

Deep learning is a key technology behind driverless cars, enabling them to recognize a stop sign, or to distinguish a pedestrian from a lamppost.

It is the key to voice control in consumer devices like phones, tablets, TVs, and hands-free speakers. Deep learning is getting lots of attention lately and for good reason. It’s achieving results that were not possible before.

In deep learning, a computer model learns to perform classification tasks directly from images, text, or sound. Deep learning models can achieve state-of-the-art accuracy, sometimes exceeding human-level performance. Models are trained by using a large set of labeled data and neural network architectures that contain many layers.

Deep learning, a subset of machine learning, utilizes a hierarchical level of artificial neural networks to carry out the process of machine learning. The artificial neural networks are built like the human brain, with neuron nodes connected together like a web. While traditional programs build analysis with data in a linear way, the hierarchical function of deep learning systems enables machines to process data with a non-linear approach.

Video for Deep Learning

Small Introduction About Caffe Deep Learning?

What is Caffe?

Caffe is a deep learning framework made with expression, speed, and modularity in mind

Expression: models and optimizations are defined as plaintext schemas instead of code.
Speed: for research and industry alike speed is crucial for state-of-the-art models and massive data.
Modularity: new tasks and settings require flexibility and extension.
Openness: scientific and applied progress call for common code, reference models, and reproducibility.
Community: academic research, startup prototypes, and industrial applications all share strength by joint discussion and development in a BSD-2 project.

Expressive architecture encourages application and innovation. Models and optimization are defined by configuration without hard-coding. Switch between CPU and GPU by setting a single flag to train on a GPU machine then deploy to commodity clusters or mobile devices.

Extensible code fosters active development. In Caffe’s first year, it has been forked by over 1,000 developers and had many significant changes contributed back. Thanks to these contributors the framework tracks the state-of-the-art in both code and models.

Speed makes Caffe perfect for research experiments and industry deployment. Caffe can process over 60M images per day with a single NVIDIA K40 GPU*. That’s 1 ms/image for inference and 4 ms/image for learning and more recent library versions and hardware are faster still. We believe that Caffe is among the fastest convent implementations available.

The Video for Caffe

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8KhAqAoQKvg

Introduction About CAffe2 in deep learning?

What is Caffe2?

A New Lightweight, Modular, and Scalable Deep Learning Framework.

Caffe2 aims to provide an easy and straightforward way for you to experiment with deep learning and leverage community contributions of new models and algorithms. You can bring your creations to scale using the power of GPUs in the cloud or to the masses on mobile with Caffe2's cross-platform libraries.

Caffe2 (Convolutional Architecture for Fast Feature Embedding) is an open source, high-performance framework for the development of machine learning models.

Caffe2 is a popular framework due to its speed. The framework can process over 60 million images per day with a single high-performance GPU, like the Nvidia Tesla K40. The framework takes only one millisecond per image for inference and four milliseconds per image for learning.

Caffe2 supports many types of deep learning models and is specialized in image segmentation and image classification. Supported types include convolutional neural networks (CNN), recurrent neural networks (RNN), long short term memory (LSTM) and fully connected neural network designs.

The framework supports Intel CPU acceleration and Nvidia GPGPU along with multi-graphics card implementations. Caffe2 will support AMD OpenCL, FPGAs, AI accelerators and CNN processors.

Introduction Video for Caffe2

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lGwV4kU1JMk

Small Discussion About Linear regression in Machine Learning?

What is Linear regression?

Linear regression is a linear system and the coefficients can be calculated analytically using linear algebra. ...

Linear regression does provide a useful exercise for learning stochastic gradient descent which is an important algorithm used for minimizing cost functions by machine learning algorithms.

Linear regression is a very simple approach for supervised learning. Though it may seem somewhat dull compared to some of the more modern algorithms, linear regression is still a useful and widely used statistical learning method. Linear regression is used to predict a quantitative response Y from the predictor variable X.
Linear Regression is made with an assumption that there’s a linear relationship between X and Y.

Linear regression is a linear model, e.g. a model that assumes a linear relationship between the input variables (x) and the single output variable (y). More specifically, that y can be calculated from a linear combination of the input variables (x).

When there is a single input variable (x), the method is referred to as simple linear regression. When there are multiple input variables, literature from statistics often refers to the method as multiple linear regression.

Video for Linear Regression

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CtKeHnfK5uA

Small Overview About Machine Learning?

What is Machine Learning?

Machine learning is an application of artificial intelligence (AI) that provides systems the ability to automatically learn and improve from experience without being explicitly programmed. Machine learning focuses on the development of computer programs that can access data and use it learn for themselves.

Machine learning is a field of computer science that gives computers the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed

Machine learning is closely related to (and often overlaps with) computational statistics, which also focuses on prediction-making through the use of computers. It has strong ties to mathematical optimization, which delivers methods, theory and application domains to the field. Machine learning is sometimes conflated with data mining, where the latter subfield focuses more on exploratory data analysis and is known as unsupervised learning.Machine learning can also be unsupervised and be used to learn and establish baseline behavioral profiles for various entities and then used to find meaningful anomalies.

The process of learning begins with observations or data, such as examples, direct experience, or instruction, in order to look for patterns in data and make better decisions in the future based on the examples that we provide. The primary aim is to allow the computers learn automatically without human intervention or assistance and adjust actions accordingly.

Some machine learning methods

Supervised machine learning algorithms
unsupervised machine learning algorithms
Semi-supervised machine learning algorithms
Reinforcement machine learning algorithms

Video for about Machine Learning

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WXHM_i-fgGo

Small Discussion about MLib?

What is MLlib?

MLlib (Spark) is Apache Spark’s machine learning library. Its goal is to make practical machine learning scalable and easy. It consists of common learning algorithms and utilities, including classification, regression, clustering, collaborative filtering, dimensionality reduction, as well as lower-level optimization primitives and higher-level pipeline APIs.

Main Benefits

Ease of Use
Performance
Runs Everywhere

MLlib contains many algorithms and utilities.

ML algorithms include:

Classification: logistic regression, naive Bayes,...
Regression: generalized linear regression, survival regression,...
Decision trees, random forests, and gradient-boosted trees
Recommendation: alternating least squares (ALS)
Clustering: K-means, Gaussian mixtures (GMMs),...
Topic modeling: latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA)
Frequent itemsets, association rules, and sequential pattern mining

Spark revolves around the concept of a resilient distributed dataset (RDD), which is a fault-tolerant collection of elements that can be operated on in parallel. There are two ways to create RDDs: parallelizing an existing collection in your driver program, or referencing a dataset in an external storage system, such as a shared filesystem, HDFS, HBase, or any data source offering a Hadoop InputFormat.

Video for MLib

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HaNoUnrQWd0

Small Discussion About Lasagne?

What is Lasagne?

Lasagne is a lightweight library to build and train neural networks in Theano.

Features:

Supports feed-forward networks such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), recurrent networks including Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and any combination thereof
Allows architectures of multiple inputs and multiple outputs, including auxiliary classifiers
Many optimization methods including Nesterov momentum, RMSprop and ADAM
Freely definable cost function and no need to derive gradients due to Theano's symbolic differentiation
Transparent support of CPUs and GPUs due to Theano's expression compiler

Main Principles

Simplicity: Be easy to use, easy to understand and easy to extend, to facilitate use in research
Transparency: Do not hide Theano behind abstractions, directly process and return Theano expressions or Python / numpy data types
Modularity: Allow all parts (layers, regularizers, optimizers, ...) to be used independently of Lasagne
Pragmatism: Make common use cases easy, do not overrate uncommon cases
Restraint: Do not obstruct users with features they decide not to use
Focus: "Do one thing and do it well"

How to Install

pip install -r https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Lasagne/Lasagne/master/requirements.txt
pip install https://github.com/Lasagne/Lasagne/archive/master.zip

Video for Lasagne

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t22HUAnefhw

Small Discussion About Deep Learning?

References

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