As per my knowledge, when MME would not be able to find UE context based on GUTI or M-TMSI provided by UE, it will generate new GUTI or M-TMSI for the UE and send it back to UE using EMM message.
Sometimes, when TAU is received by MME which is different from the serving one. In that case, new MME fetches UE's information from old MME and will proceed with TAU procedure.