What is the difference between the concepts of dual connectivity and phantom cell?

Question

Based on my understanding, the concept of phantom cell was proposed by DOCOMO and the concept of dual connectivity was proposed by 3GPP. In phantom cell, control- and user-plane are split. Specifically, control plane is maintained in marcocell and user plane is maintained in small cell. However, in dual connectivity, both control and data plane are maintained in marcocell and only user plane is maintained in small cell. Is it right?

Answer 1

No difference , Its the same thing where a UE is simultaneously connected to two cells (one Macro , one small cell)
The Macro cell will use a different frequency (lower) than the frequency used by small cell (higher)
There are two variations here though :
1. Control signalling handled exclusively by Macro cell and Data/user plane handled exclusively by Small cell.
2. Control plane handled by macro or small cell and data plane divided between Macro and small cell.

Dual connectivity: Devices maintain simultaneous connections to both macro and small-cell low-power layers to improve cell-edge throughput. Inter-node radio resource aggregation can use radio resources on a common frequency in more than one eNodeB. In addition, connections can be anchored to a macro cell on one frequency while boosting data-rates via the small cell on a different frequency.