In a high level, all these terms like RSRP, RSRQ, RSSI and SINR used by UE to measure the current channel conditions. UE sends CQI reports to eNodeB, based on that eNodeB makes decision about MCS for the next transmission over the PDSCH.
RSRP value ranges from -140 dBm to -44 dBm (resolution of 1 dBm)
RSRQ value ranges from -19.5 dB to -3 dB (resolution 0.5 dB)
I don't know about RSSI and SINR values.